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The goal of this seminar is to improve students' problem solving
skills by presenting several important techniques and providing
numerous examples and problems for each technique. The seminar meets
informally once a week, and anyone is welcome to attend. It is also
possible to register for the
seminar as a one-credit pass-fail course, Math 294A.
In Spring 2008, the seminar
meets on
Wednesdays from 4:15 to 5:30 in FCS 223.
The seminar will cover six or seven major problem-solving
techniques or concepts each semester. For a taste of what to expect, the
handouts from 2006-07 are linked below. We will
spend two weeks on each topic: an
introductory session and a presentation session. During the
introductory session, the technique will be presented with examples.
Several problems that make use of the technique will be distributed,
and students are asked to work on those problems during the week,
writing up careful solutions to those that they have solved. During the
presentation session, students will present their solutions to
one another.
We will also work on the mathematical writing skills of the
students officially enrolled in the course. At each presentation
session, each student will be asked to hand in a written solution to one
problem. Solution will be returned with detailed comments, and students
will re-write their solutions based on these comments, iterating until
the solutions are perfect.
The techniques and problems we will consider are
interesting and important
in their own right, but are also designed to
prepare students for the Putnam Exam, a competitive nationwide exam for
mathematics undergraduates. The 69th William Lowell Putnam Mathematics
Competition is expected to take place on Saturday, December 6,
2008. See below for additional resources that may be useful in
preparing for this difficult exam.
Students who are officially enrolled in the course will
receive an alternative grade, which may be S (Superior Pass), P (Pass),
C, D, or E. The grades S and P are NOT included in the calculation
of the
GPA, nor do they count toward meeting the criteria for dean's list,
honorable mention, or academic distinctions. A grade of Superior Pass
will be assigned to students with exemplary attendance (no more than
two absences, and at least five problems handed in) who present one or
more problems during the seminar.
Students who attend at least half of the seminar meetings and hand in
at least three problems (and
hopefully present at least one problem during the semester) will
receive a grade of Pass. Otherwise, a regular grade of C, D, or E will
be assigned at the discretion of the instructor. All students who
attend the seminar, but particularly those who are enrolled in Math
294A, are strongly urged to take the Putnam Exam.
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Seminar Topics Spring 2007
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Putnam Competition Resources |
Seminar Topics Fall 2006
Note: Few if any of the above problems are
original to us, but for the most part we have not included
attributions.
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- Past
Putnam Problems
Here you can find problems, solutions and scores from 1980 to 2005.
- More Past Putnam Problems
Here you can find problems and solutions from 1938 to 2003.
- Proposed Putnam Problems by Richard Stanley
Richard
Stanley is one of the most respected people in the problem-solving
community. These are some problems proposed for Putnam that didn't make
the cut. The problems were intended to be A1 or B1 so they are are
solvable and make very good practice.
- Problem Solving Seminar at Dalhousie University by Richard Hoshino
This resource has both problems and explanations of the most popular
topics. Good place to start, since more explanations are given than on
the following sites.
- Problem Solving Seminar at MIT
MIT Putnam prep site. Most problems are doable, but difficult.
- Problem Solving Seminar at Stanford by Ravi Vakil
Problems of various difficulty and a master class for experts.
- Putnam Preparation Problems at University of Waterloo
Here you can find small problem sets geared specifically for Putnam.
Some of the more advanced calculus topics are covered here.
Books about Problem-Solving
- Problem Solving Through Problems by Loren C. Larson
This
is a practical anthology of some of the best elementary problems in
different branches of mathematics. They are selected for their
aesthetic appeal as well as their instructional value, and are
organized to highlight the most common problem-solving techniques
encountered in undergraduate mathematics. Readers learn important
principles and broad strategies for coping with the experience of
solving problems, while tackling specific cases on their own. The
material is classroom tested and has been found particularly helpful
for students preparing for the Putnam exam. For easy reference, the
problems are arranged by subject.
- The Art and Craft of Problem Solving by Paul Zeitz
Zeitz covers the essentials of Algebra, Combinatorics, Number Theory
and Calculus. Excellent book for beginners, since it teaches how to
approach a problem, how to think about a problem rather than just
presenting numerous examples.
- The William Lowell Putnam Mathematical Competition 1985-2000 by K. S. Kedlaya, B. Poonen, and R. Vakil
This book includes problems, solutions and results from 1985 through
2000. Nice exposition, and includes hints to solutions in the middle of
the book in case you get stuck, and you don't want to read the
solution. The authors are all Putnam fellows.
- Problem-Solving Strategies by Arthur Engel
The author is a coach for the German IMO (International Mathematical
Olympiad) team. The book gives strategy-by-example exposition of most
essential ideas. Topics include the invariance principle, coloring
proofs, the extremal principle, the box principle (aka the pigeonhole
principle), enumerative combinatorics, number theory, inequalities,
mathematical induction, sequences, polynomials, functional equations,
geometry, and games.
- Concrete Mathematics: A Foundation for Computer Science
by Ronald L. Graham, Donald E. Knuth, and Oren Patashnik
This is a good book to study the basics of discrete mathematics. Topics
include induction, sums, recurrences, floors and ceilings, elementary
number theory, binomial coefficients, generating functions, and
discrete probability. This book was intended to develop the
mathematical apparatus for computer scientists to analyze algorithms,
but it's very useful for problem solvers, because the theory is very
meticulous, and most of the examples from the book are olympiad-type
problems.
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